Eine autogerechte Stadt, die nicht auf ÖPNV optimiert ist, ist mit dem Auto schneller durchfahrbar. Überraschend. Noch schneller würde es übrigens gehen, wenn du einfach als einziger in Berlin Auto fahren dürfest und es keine Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzungen gäbe. Vielleicht wäre das also eine sinnvolle Art, eine Stadt zu gestalten?

Wird halt immer der Fall sein, außer du schaffst Straßen ganz ab. Ich hab hier jetzt auch nicht gegen ÖPNV oder bessere Stadtplanung generell argumentiert, sondern wollte erläutern, warum Robotaxis auch in Städten durchaus eine Rolle spielen können und werden (wenn sie denn technisch möglich und billig genug werden).

Das ist keine Theorie, sondern ein Design, das absolut möglich ist, wenn man es denn stadtplanerisch zulässt.

Hab ich auch absolut kein Problem mit, aber die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass das in meiner Lebenszeit in (ganz) Berlin umgesetzt wird, sehe ich als äußerst gering an. Ob's in anderen deutschen Städten mit besserer Verwaltung was wird, werden wir sehen. :)

But for the most part the issue with pricing is about making the grid viable for renewables and running natural gas plants as to stabilize the grid. That would have been necessary either way.

Nuclear could actually help to alleviate the integration costs of renewables, though. For starters, you need less gas backup if your baseload (or at least some part of it) is covered by nuclear, and also less adaptations to the existing grid, because hey, it was designed, among others, for nuclear power plants.

It would be especially helpful in winter, because to get to a high share of renewables in winter (assuming we also use a high share of heat pumps) we will need long term storage from other seasons (or import hydrogen/ammonia), and I really doubt those options will become cheaper than nuclear, existing or even new, anytime soon. Green hydrogen is very expensive, and likely always will be in Central Europe, because transporting that stuff here from better suited locations is also expensive. So the less we need, the better.

Funnily enough, nuclear power plants could also provide district heating in addition to electricity, which I reckon would be massively helpful for the heating sector and getting through winter (and make the plants even more economical). The German Konvoi reactor (the design of the newest three plants we just shut down) is even designed to do that, but it was never put to use here (except in Greifswald, but that was an evil Soviet design Germany shut down in 1990).

There were several studies done after the shutdown of the nuclear power plants, that showed, that the electricity prices did not increase.

Eh, it depends a lot on what exactly they analyzed. Throwing away electricity you basically already paid for is gonna cost you, there is no way that can be circumvented. It is not like we have so much wind and solar energy in the mix that nuclear could not have replaced more expensive gas, coal, oil, biomass, whatever.

Finnland has a comparable electricity price, but a much higher proportion of installed heat pumps.

Household electricity prices in Finland were a lot cheaper than in Germany up until the gas crisis, which is unrelated to my point about nuclear. Here is an example from 2020:

France is a bit weird, I think they actually heat directly with electricity a lot. I guess that's a case where electricity is TOO cheap so people use it in stupid ways. :) Too much of a good thing can turn bad as well, I guess. Would not have happened in Germany even with extending nuclear, though. The thing is, heat pumps in France would not change much about their emissions. Heating (mostly) with nuclear electricity does not emit more than heating with heat pumps.

The whole uproar about this was synthetic, newly constructed houses install to over 50% heat pumps and only 10% gas. Electric cars would be adapted more, if companies would sell small, cheap EVs as well.

This does not mean extending nuclear could not have helped (assuming it would have helped to lower prices, which I still assume here). Maybe people would be more eager to replace their gas heaters with heat pumps if electricity prices had not been going up all the time (a lot more than in basically all other EU countries) in the past 20 years, what do you think? New houses are a special case anyway, since you basically already have to design them in a way that makes heat pumps the better option.