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This seems like sloppy reporting, but I am a sloppy commenter who hasn't dug into the study. There seems to be a big leap from correlation to causation.
Here's one reason to take pause:
Years spent in school would also potentially correlate with many other lifestyle differences that could be more important to cognition than repetitive jobs. The CNN article ends with this:
Well, did they look to see if people who work repetitive jobs are less likely to smoke while more likely to eat better and get more sleep? They very well could have stratified this way. It would be nice if the article indicated obvious confounders and how they are controlled for. Do people who spent more time in school but work repetitive jobs also do these other things but to a lesser degree? Seems important to note.
These kinds of well-needed comments full of doubts and questions of what all was controlled for in the research and whether confounding variables remained, the kinds that always come up on reddit and now (hooray!!) lemmy, make me wonder whether research could in some cases be dramatically improved by letting the internet loose on the research hypothesis ahead of time instead of once the paper is published.
Scientists: “In our study, we will evaluate whether a is correlated with an increase in b. We will control for w, y, x, and z.
The internet/reddit/lemmy: “You absolute imbeciles. Did it not occur to you to control for α, β, and gamma through omega?!
Scientists: well, we will certainly consider all those and do our best to do so now!
Like everything on the internet, that feedback would quickly devolve into political bickering.
There's a lot of low quality science that gets done out there. Scientists are pretty good at spotting it, but they can't do much to stop it. The real problem is science reporting misleading the public about what the current state of the science is.