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A place to share alternatives to popular online services that can be self-hosted without giving up privacy or locking you into a service you don't control.

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146

Considerations for a homeserver thats open to the internet? (Jellyfin / Nextcloud) (lemmy.world)

submitted 1 year ago by HamalaKarris@lemmy.world to c/selfhosted@lemmy.world

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Hey guys,

after reading up on selfhosting for weeks now I finally decided to take the plunge today and tried setting up my own nextcloud & jellyfin instances. For this purpose I am using a mini PC. (similiar to an Intel NUC)

Now I would like to make both services available to the internet so I could show images to friends while I'm at their place / watch movies with them.

The problem is I am currently not very educated on which security measures I would have to take to ensure that my server / mini PC doesn't immediately become an easy target for a hacker, especially considering that I would host private photos on the nextcloud.

After googling around I feel like I find a lot of conflicting information as well as write-ups that I don't fully grasp with my limited knowledge so if you guys have any general advice or even places to learn about all these concepts I would be absolutely delighted!

Thank you guys sooo much in advance for any and all help, the c/selfhosted community has been nothing but a great resource for me so far!!!

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[–] vegetaaaaaaa@lemmy.world 4 points 1 year ago (1 children)

I serve HTTP 403 for all requests to the default vhost and log them, harvest IPs through a log aggregator (or just fail2ban) and tag them as bad bots/scanners, and eternal-ban them on all my hosts. Currently have 98451 addresses or networks in my ipset for these.

For requests to actual domains, I ban after a few unsuccessful authentication attempts. A WAF is nice to have (tedious but fun to set up) - currently working on improving my Modsecurity setup.

Other than that there is already good advice here:

keep OS/packages/installed services up-to-date
only run software from trusted (ideally signed) sources
use host and network-based firewalls
use strong encryption and authentication everywhere
only expose what is absolutely required
implement good privilege separation (even dedicated users for each app/service, proper file ownership/permissions goes a long way)
run scanners to detect possible misconfigurations/hardening measures (systemd-analyze security was mentioned, I also like lynis and debsecan)
set up proper logging/monitoring alerting

[–] nbailey@lemmy.ca 2 points 1 year ago

Yep, banning scanners with ipset lists is a great solution. I use a slightly convoluted method to perma-ban abusers, but fail2ban also works great.

https://nbailey.ca/post/block-scanners/